Abstract

The implementation of the Treasury Single Account (TSA) system in Pakistan marks a significant milestone in its Public Financial Management (PFM) framework, impacting financial governance and accountability. This article examines the multifaceted dimensions of TSA implementation, employing semi-structured interviews with government officials, accountants, and financial experts. Thematic analysis reveals challenges such as fragmented financial systems, resistance, and capacity constraints. Interview responses highlight challenges, cooperation by users, and adaptation by commercial banks, informing recommendations like institutional integration and capacity building. Theoretical implications include balancing financial autonomy and accountability, political will, and capacity building's role. This study contributes to the literature on TSA implementation, offering insights into financial governance and accountability. As Pakistan pursues economic stability and governance quality, this research guides the journey towards sustainable development and prosperity