Abstract

Afghanistan is located at the cross-roads of Asia and is a mountainous country. This country has a unique and long history with boundary changes and several name like Ariana, Khorasan and finally Afghanistan are the titles which acted as cradles of civilization at a time and sometimes asylums for the native fighters. From the history of Afghanistan one can see the civilized and bright periods with most times of ruining, desolation and fighting. There is fighting against neighboring countries and civil wars in Afghanistan especially in the last three centuries. Its physical shape is in a way that throughout the history various tribes and clans of the world based on warring problems have sought asylum here and easily have been mixed up and combined with native tribes in different and safe hiding places. Afghanistan is termed as the intersection of Asia with multinational people possessing variety of languages and also the center for the connecting point of various religions and cultures. The independent nature of autonomous life having mostly the tribal features and mountainous living style of the people has changed it to a spiritual power. These characteristics of the masses of Afghans are implied only in the fighting ways and not for economic progress and development. This paper attempts to analyze the geographical location, features and composition of ethnic division of Afghan society. This paper will also provide basic information about Afghanistan especially the land and the people of Afghanistan.