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ASSESSING THE ANTIMICROBIAL SUSCEPTIBILITY PATTERN AND FREQUENCY OF EXTENSIVELY DRUG RESISTANT TYPHOID IN TERTIARY CARE HOSPITALS
Authors:
Mohammad Sadiq shah , Murad Tariq, Mohammad Ali, Syed Muhammad Salman, Ikram ul Haq, Junaid Hameed, Muhammad Atif Alam , Hilal khanKeywords
Extensively drug resistant, salmonella typhi, salmonella para typhi, ampicillin ciprofloxacin azithromycin ,Abstract
Background:
The emergence of XDR typhoid has been a problem since the early days of antibiotics, and it is particularly prevalent in countries like Pakistan. There is a need to investigate the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of XDR typhoid in tertiary care hospitals to inform public health policies and guide clinical management.
Methods:
A cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted to collect 244 samples for culture on broth agar. The disc diffusion method was used for further identification, and antimicrobial susceptibility testing was performed on MHA plates to identify XDR typhoid.
Results:
Out of 244 samples, 203 (83.20%) were identified as Salmonella typhi, while 41 (16.80%) were identified as Salmonella paratyphi A. Among the Salmonella species, 126 (51.64%) were extensively drug resistant, while 118 (48.36%) were non-extensively drug resistant and sensitive to most antibiotics. Ciprofloxacin showed the most resistance (98.77%), and imipenem showed the least resistance (1.64%).
Conclusion:
The XDR typhoid (51%) was mainly due to the misuse or overuse of antibiotics. This study provides valuable insights into the frequency and antimicrobial susceptibility pattern of XDR typhoid in a tertiary care hospital, which can inform public health policies and clinical management strategies.