Abstract

The Syrian crisis, a protracted and devastating conflict that has gripped the nation since 2011, stands as one of the most pressing and complex challenges of the contemporary era. This research paper endeavors to provide a comprehensive analysis of the underlying causes that have contributed to the outbreak and continuation of the Syrian civil war. Focusing on both internal and external factors, this study aims to shed light on the multifaceted dynamics that have perpetuated the conflict and hindered its resolution. The research delves into the internal factors that have shaped the course of events within Syria's borders. Socioeconomic disparities, political grievances, and historical antecedents are examined to uncover the long-standing tensions and systemic issues that laid the groundwork for the crisis. Beyond internal dynamics, the study analyzes the significant influence of external actors on the Syrian conflict. By examining the geopolitical interests and regional power struggles, this research unravels how interventions by foreign nations have exacerbated the conflict and prolonged its duration. The involvement of international players in funding, arming, and supporting various factions has not only heightened the violence but has also complicated prospects for a peaceful resolution. Through a rigorous review of academic literature, expert reports, and other sources, this research paper presents a holistic understanding of the root causes behind the Syrian crisis. It highlights the intricate interplay between domestic grievances and external influence, revealing how these elements have interacted to form a complex mesh of conflict.