Abstract

This study explored the effects of fake news on public opinion using a mixed-method approach, combining quantitative and qualitative techniques. A structured online questionnaire was administered to 500 participants, and 30 in-depth interviews were conducted. Quantitative data revealed that political fake news had the strongest impact on public opinion, with significant correlations and regression results highlighting its influence compared to other types of misinformation. Qualitative analysis uncovered themes related to credibility concerns, emotional impact, and behavioral changes. Participants expressed skepticism about news sources and reported heightened emotions such as anxiety and anger in response to fake news. Behavioral adaptations included seeking more reliable news sources and employing fact-checking practices. The study underscores the multifaceted nature of fake news effects and the need for improved media literacy, transparency, and verification tools to mitigate misinformation's impact.