Abstract

The objective of this literature review article is to analyze the different scenarios faced by tourism institutions and destinations in the economic reactivation of the tourism sector in 2023. To carry out this analysis, various sources of information have been used, such as scientific articles available in search engines and online scientific journals. The methodology used is based on descriptive observation and systematic review of bibliographic bases. Through this literature review, it can be inferred that the tourism sector is highly vulnerable to different internal and external factors. Throughout history, there have been various social, natural, cultural and economic phenomena that have impacted the tourism industry worldwide. This situation has worsened significantly in the years 2020-2023, a period in which the world experienced a progressive standstill due to global circumstances. As a result, all productive sectors were affected, and the population's attention was focused on priority issues such as health, food and education. Tourism suffered a drastic impact due to global mobility restrictions. With the paralysis of tourism and the closure of companies in the sector, there were no visitors moving around the world. This situation poses a challenge for conducting research in a context without tourists. However, several researchers have directed their analyses towards the vision of the tourist destination and the strategies proposed for the economic reactivation of the sector.