Impact of perceived organizational support on turnover intention in Pakistan. Mediating role of job security & employee motivation

Abstract

This research aims to model the relationship between perceived organization support (POS) on turnover intention (TI) among employees in SMEs. The study explores the mediating roles of job security (JS) and employee motivation (EM). The research is grounded in social exchange theory, emphasizing reciprocal relationship among the organizations & employees. The study contributes to the literature through addressing the scarcity of research on mediating processes through which POS influences turnover intention. It also examines the unique mediating roles of job security and employee motivation in Pakistani SMEs. Research questions describe the effects of POS on turnover intention, job security's mediating function, and employee motivation's influence. Social exchange theory highlights reciprocal relationships among organizations & employees. Data were collected from 200 SME employees’ in Pakistan through questionnaires, and the analysis was conducted using IBM SPSS and IBM AMOS tools. The findings reveal a significant negative impact of POS on turnover intention.Moreover, job security and employee motivation were partially mediated between POS and turnover intention. Practical implications suggest that SMEs should focus on enhancing POS through strategies such as regular salary reviews, creating a culture of learning and development, and providing opportunities for career growth. The study concludes with recommendations for future research & limitations are also acknowledged.