Theoretical Decoding of Russia-Ukraine War: Realism vs Liberalism

Abstract

To analyze the Ukraine conflict, two contrasting theories of international relations (IR), notably Realism and Liberalism has been implemented. In addition to outlining key theoretical concepts, the article explores both of these theories' explanatory potential through a comparative approach while highlighting the developments surrounding the Ukrainian conflict. Based on Mearsheimer's Offensive Realism and Ikenberry's Liberal Internationalism, respectively, this research attempts to understand the Ukrainian conflict and its escalation into a war. This article justifies the theoretical perspective by evaluating the Russian invasion and Ukrainian reaction throughout the war. With a focus on the West, this study is also intended to offer insights into how to end the war in Ukraine through the lens of these theories