An Analytical Study of Dropout, School Environment and Teaching Practices

Abstract

This study aims to probe the reason of students` dropout, school environment and teaching practices. Dropout is a huge problem that needs to be addressed on immediate basis. The literacy rate has a central positioning in a developed and developing countries that helps in developing economic growth. The under developing countries need to deal this basic issue to grow socially and economically.  The economic development of a state depends on its strong human resource based on literate and a healthy society. In Pakistan growing drop out stands a huge issue and effects on literacy rate and it remains an enormous situation that demolishes state`s entire education system. Pakistan has created a strategy to address this issue and has included it in its education policy. The primary causes of dropout were investigated using a sequential explanatory design with mix method approach. In this research 10 parents of students and 50 well-experienced teachers were selected with purposive sampling belonging to the District Hyderabad, Sindh, Pakistan. Parents opinion was taken in the form of open-ended questionnaire in interview protocol and Likert scale five-point questionnaire was used to get the opinion of teachers about dropout, school environment and teaching practices. for qualitative data Coding Decoding with thematic analysis was carried out whereas, for quantitative data descriptive and inferential statistics with the help of SPSS 26 Version was boarded to analyze the data. It was revealed that there are several reasons of dropout which include, School environment such as, Buildings, playgrounds, classrooms, books, teachers and teaching practices.  It was also pointed out that financially backward parents keep their children out of school and push them into child labor. Poor school discipline also leads to a loss of interest in student learning activities, increasing the urge to dropout. It was revealed that there is a significant impact of school environment and teaching practices on dropout. This study revealed that better school environment and teaching practices can prominently prevent dropout.