The State Guest Houses of Colonial Lahore: Unveiling the History, Art and Architectural Mastery of the Time

Abstract

Lahore, often referred to as the heart of Pakistan, is a city steeped in history, with architectural landmarks that reflect its rich cultural heritage. From ancient structures to colonial-era buildings, Lahore’s urban landscape offers a diverse array of monuments that not only beautify the city but also draw countless tourists and researchers. Among the significant contributions of the colonial period are the state guest houses, which were constructed to accommodate high-ranking officials and important government guests. These guest houses, including Chamba House, Kapurthala House, Bahawalpur House, Ponch House, Farid Kot House, and Wajid Ali Shah House, serve as important examples of British colonial architecture in Lahore.
This study focuses on the history, art, and architecture of these six state guest houses, examining their design, construction, and the broader political context in which they were built. These guest houses, with their blend of European and local architectural styles, reflect the British government's desire to assert its influence while adapting to the cultural and climatic conditions of the region. The paper explores how these buildings served not only as functional spaces but also as symbols of colonial power and prestige.
While there are other guest houses such as Patiala House, Nabha House, and Kashmir House, this research does not focus on them due to political restrictions that limit access. Instead, it provides an in-depth analysis of the six accessible guest houses, offering insights into their unique artistic elements, structural features, and historical significance.
In addition to exploring the historical context, this paper assesses the current state of these guest houses. Many of them face neglect and deterioration, raising concerns about their preservation. The article concludes with recommendations for the conservation of these colonial-era structures, suggesting possible adaptive reuse to ensure their survival and continued relevance in the modern urban fabric of Lahore. By highlighting the architectural and historical significance of these guest houses, the study aims to contribute to the broader understanding of Lahore’s colonial heritage and the importance of safeguarding its built environment for future generations.