The Study of the Challenges in Implementing Single National Curriculum in Balochistan

Abstract

This study investigates the challenges faced by secondary school teachers in implementing the Single National Curriculum (SNC) in Balochistan (Quetta district), explores potential solutions to these challenges, and evaluates the feasibility and sustainability of SNC in diverse educational contexts. The major aim of this research is to assess the factors influencing successful SNC implementation. A mixed-methods approach was adopted, combining quantitative regression analysis and qualitative thematic analysis. Quantitative data were collected through a 5-point Likert scale questionnaire, which was developed specifically to assess teachers' awareness, difficulties, and perceptions of SNC implementation. The questionnaire was pilot-tested for validity and reliability before use. Qualitative data were gathered from curriculum experts using semi-structured interviews designed to explore deeper insights into implementation challenges and possible solutions. The study found that SNC awareness, teachers' difficulties, and SNC assessment were significant predictors of successful implementation. However, resources, teacher training, and administrative support were highlighted as challenges but were less influential in the overall success. Teachers emphasized the need for continuous professional development, adequate resources, and stronger administrative support to overcome these challenges. Additionally, participants stressed the importance of stakeholder engagement and policy flexibility to ensure the feasibility and sustainability of SNC. The study concludes that while SNC faces significant challenges, successful implementation is achievable with strategic planning, appropriate support, and effective stakeholder collaboration. These findings contribute to the broader understanding of curriculum reforms and provide practical recommendations for policymakers and educators involved in SNC implementation.