Incidence and Risk Factors of Surgical Site Infections: Evaluating Reoperation Rates and Infection Outcomes in Clean and Contaminated Surgical Procedures

Abstract

Objective: to find the relationship between the incidence of surgical site infections (SSI) and the requirement for a re-examination in patients having both clean and possibly contaminated procedures.

Materials and Methods: Data were gathered utilizing a survey form assessing sociodemographic and clinical features of the 72 infected patients in cohort study from DHQ hospital Layyah. By calculating the odds proportion and its 95% confidence interval, the association was evaluated.

Results: Readmissions are ten times more probable to require a surgical re-approach (p=0.000), patients hospitalized for non-related reasons are four times more probable to do so (p=0.011), and leukocytosis (p=0.002) and changes in the c-reactive protein value (p=0.016) were linked to the requirement for a second procedure. In the orthopaedic specialty, the reason was five times greater (p=0.003). Protective factors for re-approach included positive culture (p=0.001) and curative antibiotic (p=0.04).

Conclusion: The statistics show that surgical reoperation is significantly influenced by SSI, providing guidance to hospitals that share this profile.