Advanced Statistical Analysis of Judicial Delays: A Multivariate Exploration of Protracted Justice in the Courts of Peshawar and Charsadda

Abstract

This study conducts a statistical investigation into the causes of delayed justice within the judiciary courts of Peshawar and Charsadda, employing multivariate techniques such as multiple linear regression and logistic regression. A sample size of 384 respondents was selected using cluster sampling, and data was analyzed to explore the relationship between case duration and factors such as political interference, corruption, judge transfers, lawyer qualifications, and frequent appeals. The results show that political interference significantly prolongs case duration (p-value = 0.007), while frequent transfers of judges further contribute to delays. Lawyer qualifications are also a key factor, with higher educational attainment (LLM) being associated with faster case resolutions. Additionally, frequent appeals by clients are found to considerably delay the justice process (p-value = 0.021). The study finds that the Rayleigh distribution provides the best fit for case duration data, reflecting the variability of judicial delays. The research highlights the need for judicial reforms targeting political interference, enhanced legal education, reduced corruption, and improved case management processes. These findings provide empirical evidence for policy interventions aimed at improving judicial efficiency and ensuring timely access to justice in Pakistan.